Part 0 · 2 chapters · ~12 min

What Product Managers Actually Do

The four product risks (value, usability, feasibility, viability), the product trio of product, design and engineering, product versus project management, the shapes of PM roles (platform, growth, core, technical), and why staff engineers do product work.

1

Four risks and a trio

A product team is usually a trio: a product manager, a designer and a tech lead, deciding together with engineers what to build. Good trios discover together, so the people who will build the solution also see the problem.

WHAT A PRODUCT MANAGER ACTUALLY DOES
four risks a PM is accountable for (Marty Cagan's framing)
valueWill customers want it and chooseit? Discovery, research, evidence.usabilityCan they figure out how to use it?Shared with design.feasibilityCan we build it with our time,skills and tech? Shared withengineering.viabilityDoes it work for the business:legal, finance, sales, risk,brand?not a project managerSchedules and status matter, butthe job is outcomes, not tickets.not a mini-CEOPMs lead through influence; theyrarely have authority over anyone.
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value risk
The biggest risk in most products is building something nobody wants. The PM owns the evidence that the problem is real and the solution is wanted.
will they want it?the PM owns this risk
2

Kinds of PM, and the engineer's overlap

PM rolefocusoverlap with staff engineering
core / feature PMuser-facing journeys, conversion, satisfactionscoping, trade-offs, launch quality
growth PMacquisition, activation, retention experimentsinstrumentation, experiment infrastructure
platform / technical PMinternal platforms, APIs, developer experiencealmost total: the users are engineers
risk / compliance PMKYC, fraud, regulatory featuresmoney flows, audit, state machines

A staff engineer who can state the user problem, the metric it moves and the cheapest way to test it is doing product work, and is far more effective in planning than one who only estimates tickets.